液壓設備一般在使用的初期因為設計、制造、運輸、安裝、調試等原因而故障率出現較高，隨著(zhù)運行的時(shí)間延長(cháng)和故障不斷的排除，故障串就逐漸的降低了，到了設備使用的后期，因為長(cháng)期使用的過(guò)程中出現磨損和腐蝕以及老化疲勞等而逐漸的讓故障增多，只有在使用的中期，設備故障才會(huì )平穩隨機的較穩定期，也就是設備的有效工作使用期。但是如果使用不當或者是對潛在的故障不夠及時(shí)的診斷和排除，即使是在有效的使用期也不能夠排除出現突發(fā)性的嚴重故障情況，所以認真的研究和總結了各個(gè)設備的故障和診斷的技術(shù)，這才是正確、及時(shí)的排除各種故障的前提。
Generally, the failure rate of hydraulic equipment is high in the early stage of use due to design, manufacturing, transportation, installation, commissioning and other reasons. With the extension of operation time and the continuous elimination of faults, the fault string gradually decreases. In the later stage of use, the faults gradually increase due to wear, corrosion, aging and fatigue in the process of long-term use, Only in the middle of use, the equipment failure will be stable and random, that is, the effective service life of the equipment. However, if it is not used properly or the potential faults are not diagnosed and eliminated in time, the sudden serious faults can not be eliminated even in the effective service life. Therefore, the fault and diagnosis technology of each equipment are carefully studied and summarized, which is the premise of correct and timely troubleshooting.
液壓挖掘機在一些特殊的場(chǎng)合挖掘作業(yè)以后，往往需要對設備來(lái)進(jìn)行保養，下面就來(lái)看看在寒冷的地區和灰塵區工作以后要做哪些的保養吧。
Hydraulic excavators often need to maintain the equipment after excavation on some special occasions. Let's take a look at the maintenance to be done after working in cold and dusty areas.
一、液壓挖掘機在寒冷地區作業(yè)以后的保養措施除應該進(jìn)行正常的例保作業(yè)以外，還應該特別的注意以下兩個(gè)方面：
1、 In addition to normal routine maintenance, the following two aspects should also be paid special attention to for the maintenance measures of hydraulic excavator after operation in cold areas:
1、防止行走部位的凍結，在工作完成以后要把枯在車(chē)體上面的泥用水來(lái)清洗干凈，然后把機械停放在混凝土或者是木板又或者是堅固干燥的地面上。
1. To prevent the freezing of walking parts, clean the mud on the car body with water after the work is completed, and then park the machine on the concrete, wood or solid and dry ground.
2、幻活塞桿的防凍，在作業(yè)結束了以后，液壓缸的活塞桿要大限度地回縮回來(lái)。如果活塞桿露在外面的話(huà)，桿表面上會(huì )因為空氣中的水分凝集而出現凍結，或者是因為粘附的土凍結，造成端蓋密封件出現損壞。
2. For the anti freezing of the piston rod, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder shall be retracted to the greatest extent after the operation is completed. If the piston rod is exposed, the surface of the rod will freeze due to the condensation of water in the air, or the end cover seal will be damaged due to the freezing of adhered soil.
二、液壓挖掘機在灰塵多的場(chǎng)地作業(yè)以后的保養措施有以下幾個(gè)方面：
2、 The maintenance measures for hydraulic excavator after operation in dusty sites are as follows:
1、作業(yè)結束以后要把空氣過(guò)濾器清掃一遍。
1. Clean the air filter after the operation.
2、要把堆積在暖氣裝置和油冷卻器上的灰塵干凈。
2. Clean the dust accumulated on the heating device and oil cooler.
3、經(jīng)常對油料來(lái)進(jìn)行排查，定期使用液壓油過(guò)濾機對油來(lái)進(jìn)行處理。防止灰塵混進(jìn)了工作油和燃油中去。
3. Regularly check the oil and regularly use the hydraulic oil filter to treat the oil. Prevent dust from mixing into working oil and fuel.
4、在作業(yè)以后及時(shí)的洗車(chē)，不要讓沾附在車(chē)子上的灰塵變成污垢以后積存下來(lái)。
4. Wash the car in time after operation. Don't let the dust on the car become dirt and accumulate.
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